Athletic shoe



Nov. 9, 1931. 1. SHAHRQ 2,098,468

ATHLETIC SHOE Filed Feb. 18, 1955 Patented Nov. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES ATHLETIC SHOE Isadore Shapiro, Chicago, Ill., assignor to The Athletic Shoe Compan Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Application February 18, 1935, Serial No. 6,957

' 7 Claims. (Cl. 36-59) My invention relates to athletic shoes, and has to do more particularly with athletic shoes having detachable caulks, cleats, or tread members.

A special application of my invention is in connection with football shoes. While my invention is not restricted to any special type of cleat or tread member, it contemplates, in one embodiment of my invention, the utilization of molded conical detachable cleats, formed of rubber or fiber composition, such as have found increasing popularity among coaches and players within recent years. I

My invention may be considered in some respects an improvement over the construction set forth in Riddell Patent'No. 1,462,625, dated July 24, 1923-. That patent discloses a football shoe having a threaded stud extending through the sole of the shoe andhaving an 'enlarged head, said stud being clamped to the sole of the shoe by means of a nut which engages a washer bearing against the bottom sole. A molded cleat having an embedded nut is threadedly and detachably secured to the stud.

It has been found in practice that the structure disclosed in said Riddell patent is subject to various objections, One serious objection is that the clamping nut tends to loosen up when the shoe is used, thus permitting the stud to be pushed up against the foot of the wearer, resulting in discomfort and possible injury to the foot. The clamping nut must accordingly be continually tightened up in order to prevent and remedy this condition.

An object of my invention is to provide in an athletic shoe a cleat fastening construction which will be permanently and rigidly secured to the shoe, without possibility of loosening.

More specifically, my invention contemplates a stud extending through the sole of ashoe in rigid, driven engagement therewith, and having a portion thereof outside of the sole upset or riveted over against the sole, or against a washer bearing against the sole, whereby an integral portion of the stud itself binds or clamps the stud to the sole of .a shoe.

Various other objects and advantageous features of my invention will no doubt become apparent as the description proceeds.

Referring now to the appended drawing which illustrates a preferred embodiment of my invention and forming a part of this specification- Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a shoe embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the same;

Figure 3 is a group view, partly. in perspective heel of the shoe.

and partly in'section, illustrating the relation of various elements of my invention prior to assembly;

Figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating one stage in the construction of my improved shoe, and

. Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary detailed section of a shoe sole, cleat, and mounting device in one embodiment of my invention.

In the drawing, the numeral l 0 represents generally an athletic shoe, and in this specific embodiment a football shoe is shown. This shoe comprises an upper H, a sole represented generally at l2, and cleats or tread members I5.

Referring to Figure 5, the. sole l2 may comprise a tap portion IS, a mid-sole l1, insole l8, and a strip of felt or the like called a sock lining IS. The marginal portion of the upper II is folded under so as to be interposed between the insole l8 and the mid-sole I1, the various elements above referred to being secured in the relation shown, as by stitching 2|.

The tap I 6 may terminate adjacent the shank 22 of the shoe, a pair of rivets 23 being provided for increasing the strength 'of the construction, and a separate tap I6 may be Preferably interposed in the sole and heel of the shoe are steel plates represented at 25 and .25. As seen dotted in Figure 2, these plates follow approximately the contour of the sole and heel taps of the shoe, respectively. While the steel plate is shown as being interposed between to the shoe in its preferred embodiment contemplates, in accordance with my invention, a stud represented-generally by the numeral 28. This stud has a relatively large head 29, which may be relatively-fiat and may be seated against or countersunk in the upper portionof the sole. The preferred arrangement, as illustrated in Figure 5,.is to seat the stud 28 directly below the sock lining l9 and in such manner that the upper face of the head 29 is substantially flush with the insole l8, in order that there may be no proprovided for the be seen that the upper portion 30 of the shank of the stud 28 is'larger in diameter than the thereof.

threaded portion 3i and may be longitudinally ribbed foria substantial portion of the length At this stage it is believed that a description of the process of assembling the studs with the shoe will tend toward greater clearness. After the shoe has been finished save for the cleats and cleat-mounting devices, the sole, including the plate 25, may be drilled to provide holes somewhat smaller in diameter than the outside diameter oi the enlarged portion to of the shank of the stud 118, but large enough to permit passage of the threaded portion 3| without destroying the threads. The studs 28 are then assembled in the shoe sole by applying the shanks 3| thereof, from the inside of the shoe, to the holes which have been drilled in the sole and forcing them under great pressure through the sole to a position substantially as shown in Figure 4.

As a result of this operation, as shown in .Figures-4 and 5, the ribs of the stud will bite through the adjacent edges of the plate and will tend to deflect downwardly said adjacent edges oi?v the plate somewhat as shown .at a in Figures 4and 5,

and at the same time the ribs of the stud 28,

plate, will be. partially sheared to form accumulations of metal being somewhat softer than, -the as, at b which will be wedged tightly above said deflected portions of the plate. The net eflect of this action will be that the stud will be seated with extreme rigidity in the sole and against the plate, whereby rotation of the stud will'be practically impossible, in view of the interlock be-" tween the ribs 01 thestud and the plate, and possibility of longitudinal displacement of the stud will also :be negligible. It will be understood, oi. course, that, even if the plate were omitted, certain results in: the same direction could be obtained, although to a lesser degree,-

by driving the stud through the leather sole to obtain a tight interlock.

In order further to insure the rigidity of-the assembly of the studs in the shoe sole, my invention contemplates the following arrangement: After the studs have. been forced through the 18018 as above described,,washers 33 may be disposed on the studs-and forced up into binding engagement with the outer face of the sole I2.

The washers 33 may be provided with a star-' shaped op ning 35 substantially corresponding to the ribbed contour of the shank portion of thestuds, where ribbed studs are used. The washer is alsopreferably provided with peripheral teeth and the washeriszpreferably assembled with the sole in such a way that these teeth project toward and are forced into biting engagement with the sole.

After the washer has been arranged on the stud in close engagement with the sole as shown in Figure 4, the lower part of the enlarged portion at of. the shank of the stud is upset, as by being spun or riveted over in any suitable manner, and with any suitable tool, hand or power driven, so as to provide a substantially annular lug 31 integral with the stud 28,;said lug binding the .washer 33 under great pressure in engagement with the. sole, whereby the sole is permanently and rigidly clamped between the head 29 of the stud and the washer 33.

It will be seen that by means of this construction, it is substantially impossible for the stud 28 to loosen up in the sole under the conditions of use to which an athletic shoe isnornially subjected. It is, therefore, impossible for position and has embedded therein a suitable device for engaging the stud, such as an ordinary hexagonal nut 40 which is preferably molded into the cleat when the latter is formed. The cleat is provided with an axial bore-4| for receiving the stud, which bore may be enlarged adjacent the top of the cleat, as at 42, to provide a cavitywhereby the cleat may seat snugly against the sole of the shoe or against the washer.

While I have illustrated. a football shoe, it will be understood that my invention may be applied to various other types of athletic shoes having different kinds or shapes of detachable treads, such as shoes for track, hockey, etc.

Under my invention, cleats may be readily ehanged when desired for difierent playing conditions, or if old ones should become mutilated.

Also, various modifications coming within the 1. In an athletic. shoe, a sole carrying a flexible steel plate, a headed stud extending through 'said sole and substantially beyond the outer face thereof, said stud having longitudinal teethin driven engagement with said sole and plate, said stud being upset, whereby said sole is permanently clamped between the head 01' said stud and said binding means, and a tread member having an embedded nut detachably mounted on said stud.

2, In an athletic shoe, a sole carrying a spring steel plate, a headed stud extending through said sole, a portion of the shank of said stud opposite the head being externally screw-threaded and the shank between said screw-threaded portion and the head being longitudinally ribbed, the outside diameter of said ribbed portion being greater said threaded portion, said ribbed portion of said stud being in driven engagement with said sole and said plate, a washer disposed on said stud, and seated against the outer face of the sole, said stud being upset against the outer,

face of said washer, whereby the sole is rigidly clamped between the stud head and said washer, and a tread member detachably mounted on said stud. v f i 3. In an athletic shoe, a sole carrying a springsteel. plate, a stud extending through said sole and a tread member detachabiy mounted on said stud.

4. In an athletic shoe, a sole carrying a springsteel plate, a stud extending through said sole and having a head on the inner portion thereof, a portion of the shank of said stud being externally screw-threaded and the shank between said screw-threaded portion and the head being deformed in cross-section from the circular and, by reason of said deformity, being in firm driven engagement with said plate, a washer disposed on said stud and seated against the outer face of the sole, said stud being upset against the outer face of said washer, whereby the sole is rigidly clamped between the stud head, and said washer. and a molded tread member having a nut embedded therein and detachably engaging said stud.

5. In an athletic shoe, a sole carrying a flexible steel plate, a headed stud extending through said sole and substantially beyond the outer face thereof, said stud being in driven engagement with said plate, and said stud being deformed by reason of said driven engagement so as to form a firm lock with said plate, said stud also being upset whereby said sole is clamped between the stud head and saidiupset portion, and a molded tread member having an embedded nut detachably engaging said stud.

6. In an athletic shoe having a sole and upper, a pair of elements comprising a spring-steel plate embedded in said sole and a headed stud in driven eng gement with said plate, one of said pair of elements being deformed from a noncircular shape as a result of said driven connection to. form a firm engagement between said stud and plate, and a tread member detachably mounted on said stud.

7. In an athletic shoe having a sole and upper, a pair of elements comprising a spring-steel plate embedded in said sole and a headed stud in driven engagement with said plate, one of said pairs of elements being deformed from a noncircular shape as a result of said driven connection to form a ilrm engagement between said stud and plate, said stud extending substantially beyond the outer face of said sole and being upset in clamping relation thereto, and a molded tread member having an embedded nut detachably engaging said stud. ISADORE SHAPIRO. 

